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- How To Install VMware Tools in CentOS based VMs easily - ESX Virtualization
We will enable a similar banner for our CentOS virtual system, so that we know to which machine we are connecting:. You might delete the Kernel line and replace it with something of your own, e. Hello Linux People! The VMware console that we have been using has very limited functionality. Instead of using this console to work on the machine, we will do what most system administrators do and connect to the machine using a terminal program of our choice and the standard SSH protocol. CentOS already has the SSH programs installed and running that enable us to do this; we verified that in the previous section where we set the login banner.
Sometimes the networking set-up on your host operating system does not permit you to connect to the network addresses of your virtual machines. You may have a firewall setting that blocks access. I recommend using the SSH connection for all sysadmin work including the rest of this document.
Do not use the crappy VMware console. Save and exit your editors that are running over SSH before you suspend. Use the yum install command to fetch information about the man package, and then we will install it:. Servers often need to email status messages to humans. We need to use the yum install command to fetch and install an email client program package named mailx :. After installation, make sure that mail -V upper case! The mailx package installs some symbolic links so that the command mail actually runs the mailx program:.
Also man mail gives you the same man page as man mailx again using more symlinks :. Your CentOS Minimal Installation comes with a minimal they call it Small version of the vim text editor named vi that is missing many features and help files:. We want the full version, with help files and tutorials. As root , download and install the full they call it Huge version of vim as follows:.
After successful download and installation, start the newly-installed full version of VIM by typing vim not vi and note that this is the Huge version:. CentOS has provided the root account with some personal shell aliases that change the behaviour of some important commands and this is a bad idea.
Type alias and you will see some aliases similar to these:. The aliases for ls and which are harmless, but the options added in the aliases for cp , mv , and rm change the behaviour of these commands significantly. What do those options do? RTFM for each command. On real servers, the root account is often shared among several sysadmin, and so you must be very careful what aliases you define in the root account.
Commands must work exactly as expected, not the way aliases might change them to work. We will remove these dangerous aliases from our root account:. Use the diff command to compare the back-up file with the new file and make sure only a few lines have changed. Keep your own personal aliases in your own account and source them when you need them as root.
Do NOT put many of your personal aliases into the root account itself. Log out of your VM and then log back in. Type alias and make sure all the dangerous aliases are gone. Keep the aliases in the root account to the bare minimum.
Shell command line history for is important to a sysadmin. Although the shell is saving its history upon exit, the history from different shells is not being merged, so history can be lost if you run more than one shell, e. Also, history is not being saved until a shell exits, which means you can also lose history if a shell is killed prematurely. We could fix these history issues just for the root user, using the root. Instead we are going to make changes to the system-wide bash shell initialization so that all users on the system receive these benefits, not just root.
Make sure you see no output and no errors! Log out. Log back in. Verify that the same history variables have been changed, and that your history file is being updated after every command you type. Use the diff command to compare the back-up file with the new file and make sure only the intended lines have changed. Your machine name must be the same name as your Blackboard userid.
The system time is not being synchronized with the Internet. We need to use the yum install command to fetch and install the Network Time Protocol NTP package named ntp with its time daemon named ntpd :. Run: chkconfig --list ntpd and note the spelling of the service name ntpd. You will see one line indicating that the ntpd time daemon is turned off in every Run Level. Run: chkconfig --list ntpd again note the spelling of ntpd. You will see one line indicating that the ntpd time daemon is now turned on in Run Levels 2 through Run: service ntpd start and you should see one line saying Starting ntpd: [OK].
If you see errors, fix them and run service ntpd restart to restart ntpd. If all goes well, ntpd starting up will have reset your system clock to the correct time.
Run the date command and see. If nothing happened, try waiting 5—10 minutes and see if the time updates. You can perform the other edits below while you wait for this to happen. Continue reading:. Sometimes, installing the VMware Tools package can mitigate this problem; more on that later.
Even with ntpd running, the system may take minutes to re-synchronize its time after a VM Pause, Suspend, or reboot. Earlier versions of CentOS were faster at time synchronization. Servers in the real world are not paused, suspended, or rebooted as often as at school. VMware Tools will be installed in a separate document, later. Security Enabled Linux is turned on, which can cause many problems for novice Linux users. On a real server, we would leave it enabled. You will learn SELinux configuration in later Linux courses.
The screen covers up many useful system messages at boot time. As a sysadmin, you want to see all the boot messages. Make a temporary snapshot of your VM now, in case you make a mistake in the following edit. If you damage lines in this GRUB configuration file, your machine may not boot at all. You will know if your edits are accurate at the next reboot, coming up in the next section.
If the reboot fails, restore back to your temporary snapshot and try the edit again. Having made all the above configuration changes, your CentOS configuration must pass all of the following verification steps after you reboot it:. After the boot, when the machine is up and running, log in on the console again or, better, use an ssh or PuTTY connection to the CentOS local IP address and log in as the user root so you can run some verification commands.
Check that the commands you just typed, above, are appearing at the bottom end of the root BASH history file and that the history environment variables set in the root. The status must be 1 indicating failure — SELinux should not be enabled.
Try again. Run: pgrep -l ntpd and verify that the output is one line a process number and the word ntpd. Run: ip route and verify that you have a default via route listed for dev eth0.
This default is your gateway IP address. It will probably be the same IP as the gateway IP. Confirm that you can ping your own machine name with zero packet loss and that your host name resolves to the IP loopback address Make sure the full Huge version of VIM is installed: vim --version.
Consult with your instructor if any of the above verification steps fail. Sometimes you can recover a missed configuration step without starting over from scratch. These Tools instructions below are for VMware users. Make a temporary snapshot of your VM now, in case you make a mistake in the following installation. If you mis-install the VMware tools, un-installing it may be difficult. Follow this link to Install VMware Tools and confirm that the installation worked.
If you have problems or make mistakes, restore back to the temporary snapshot and try again. This personal account can be customized for you, including your own aliases and shell options things you should not set in the root account.
Do not add extensive customization to the root account on a system, since such customization may not suit all root users of the system and may break automated programs that need to become the root user.
Remember that a character used in your shell prompt indicates whether or not the current shell is running as the root user. For an interactive root shell, your shell prompt includes the character that indicates root privileges. It also can create a HOME directory for the account and places standard start-up files into it. An account cannot be used until a password has been set. Recall that man pages often list options with both GNU long-form syntax using double dashes, e.
The long-form syntax is easier to understand, but the short-form syntax is easier to type. Use whichever syntax you prefer. If you mis-install the new account, un-installing it may be difficult. Sample output for the above commands is given below — your hostname and account name should be your userid:.
Logging in to a machine as root is not recommended. Many servers actually disable direct login by the root user; you have to log in as the sysadmin user and then use su or sudo to run root commands. You can already use the su account to become the root user, using the root password. We will now enable our sysadmin account to use the sudo command by enabling the wheel group and adding our account to that group.
Thank you — Mehdi IT. I would try with "Restore Defaults" as I had similar problems with my NATed network and after resetting it and setting up again with desired settings it worked.
Show 1 more comment. Sorted by: Reset to default. Highest score default Date modified newest first Date created oldest first. Improve this answer. Zina Zina 2, 2 2 gold badges 13 13 silver badges 12 12 bronze badges. Add a comment. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Tracks the performance of VMs with a summary view of the resources and metrics in degradation.
Easily improve the performance of your infrastructure. DC Scope is affordably priced per VM. Comments Small doubt, is Vmware tools package same for all Linux Flavours? VMware Workstation Backup 10 FREE instances. Worth knowing that you can also import through Skopeo or other methods container images the same way, and such. Parallel to that, we have also official images that are available directly to be deployed for the following solutions:.
To check the status of a mirror, please visit mirror-status. The CentOS project hosts our sources at git. This is documented in greater detail in the CentOS wiki. In order to help ease the workload for our primary mirror network, the source rpms are not kept in the same tree as the binary packages. If you need the source packages used to build CentOS, you can find them in our vault vault.
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